Vestnik КRAUNC. Fiz.-Mat. Nauki. 2025. vol. 53. no. 4. P. 93 – 104. ISSN 2079-6641

PHYSICS
https://doi.org/10.26117/2079-6641-2025-53-4-93-104
Research Article
Full text in Russian
MSC 86A25

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Estimation of the South Magnetic Pole Drift Velocity in the 20th–21st Centuries

N. N. Semakov¹², D. A. Ukolov^{\ast}¹³

¹Novosibirsk State University, 1 Pirogov St., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
²Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, 38 Bering St., St. Petersburg, 199397, Russia
³Seismological Branch of the Unified Geophysical Service, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Akademika Koptyuga Ave., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia

Abstract. This study presents an assessment of the speed and direction of the South Magnetic Pole movement during the 20th–21st centuries. The analysis is based on magnetic observations in Southern Hemisphere regions where the inclination angle exceeds 60°. Regional features of the calculated magnetic poles and general trends of their secular drift are identified. Within the framework of the 70th Russian Antarctic Expedition (2024–2025), over forty series of angular magnetic observations were carried out on sea ice and in coastal oases of Antarctica, allowing refinement of the pole’s movement parameters. The Earth’s magnetic field remains one of the least explored geophysical phenomena, with pole coordinate variations reflecting complex processes in the planet’s core and mantle. To improve understanding of longterm pole shifts, regular absolute angular measurements and the development of secular variation networks in poorly studied Antarctic regions are required.

Key words: South Magnetic Pole, geomagnetic field, secular variations, magnetic pole drift, local magnetic constant.

Received: 21.10.2025; Revised: 12.11.2025; Accepted: 24.11.2025; First online: 25.11.2025

For citation. Semakov N. N., Ukolov D. A. Estimation of the south magnetic pole drift velocity in the 20th–21st centuries. Vestnik KRAUNC. Fiz.-mat. nauki. 2025, 53: 4, 93-104. EDN: UCSOBF. https://doi.org/10.26117/2079-6641-2025-53-4-93-104.

Funding. The project was financially supported by the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI) and the Seismological Branch of the Unified Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Competing interests. There are no conflicts of interest regarding authorship and publication.

Contribution and Responsibility. All authors contributed to this article. Authors are solely responsible for providing the final version of the article in print. The final version of the manuscript was approved by all authors.

^{\ast}Correspondence: E-mail: d.ukolov@g.nsu.ru

The content is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

© Semakov N. N., Ukolov D. A., 2025

© Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Radio Wave Propagation, 2025 (original layout, design, compilation)

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Information about the authors

Semakov Nikolay Nikolaevich – PhD in Geological and Mineralogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Geophysics, Novosibirsk National Research State University, Novosibirsk, Russia. ORCID 0000-0003-4067-5603.

Ukolov Denis Alexandrovich – Master’s student and Engineer, Novosibirsk National Research State University, Novosibirsk; Research Engineer, Seismological Branch of the Unified Geophysical Service of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia. ORCID 0009-0000-1279-1274.

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