Vestnik КRAUNC. Fiz.-Mat. Nauki. 2025. vol. 53. no. 4. P. 118 – 141. ISSN 2079-6641

PHYSICS
https://doi.org/10.26117/2079-6641-2025-53-4-118-141
Research Article
Full text in Russian
MSC 86A15

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Model of Seismic Electric Field Generation in the Atmosphere

N. S. Khaerdinov^{\ast}

Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 117312, Moscow, pros. 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Russia

Abstract. A number of publications covered a unique event that occurred in the Caucasus between September 1 and 2, 2019. In it, in the Central Caucasus region, in good weather, according to variations in secondary cosmic ray particles recorded by the «Carpet» complex installation BNO INR RAS, a thunderstorm field in the atmosphere was observed, ending with the glow of the night sky. Increases in the total electron content of the ionosphere were also recorded, correlating with field disturbances. In the Lesser Caucasus region, during this period, another complex installation, «Aragats», observed thunderstorm activity, episodically accompanied by the registration on the ground, at the height of the mountains, gamma radiation and ascending compact luminous formations. Using archival data from satellite images and data on the location of active faults in Eurasia and adjacent waters (AFEAD), examples of correlation of thunderstorm activity over deep faults of the Lesser Caucasus with disturbances of electrical parameters measured in the mountains of the Central Caucasus by the “Carpet”installation were obtained. A scenario of the geophysical process that took place in the Caucasus during the specified period is proposed, which qualitatively explains the observation data.

Key words: cosmic rays, atmospheric electricity, total electron content (TEC), collision volcanism, asthenosphere, Greater and Lesser Caucasus, tectonic stresses, peroxy defects and positive holes, electrical conductivity, seismogenic current, seismic thunderstorms.

Received: 20.10.2025; Revised: 09.11.2025; Accepted: 12.11.2025; First online: 13.11.2025

For citation. Khaerdinov N. S. Model of seismic electric field generation in the atmosphere. Vestnik KRAUNC. Fiz.-mat. nauki. 2025, 53: 4, 118-141. EDN: CLLMRG. https://doi.org/10.26117/2079-6641-2025-53-4-118-141.

Funding. From the funds for the implementation of the state task.

Competing interests. There are no conflicts of interest regarding authorship and publication.

Contribution and Responsibility. The author participated in the writing of the article and is solely responsible for submitting the final version of the article for publication.

^{\ast}Correspondence: E-mail: KhaerdinovNS@yandex.ru

The content is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

© Khaerdinov N. S., 2025

© Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Radio Wave Propagation, 2025 (original layout, design, compilation)

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Information about the author

Khaerdinov Nail Safovich – PhD (Phys. & Math.), senior researcher of Baksan Neutrino Observatory of INR of RAS, v. Neutrino, KBR, Russia, ORCID 0000-0002-2734-4124.

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